14
Si
28.085
Silicon (Si)
Element 14 · Period 3 · Group 14
metalloid
solid at room temp
p-block
About Silicon
Basis of most semiconductors. Second most abundant element in Earth's crust. Foundation of computer chips.
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass
28.085 u
State at 25°C
Solid
Melting Point
1414 °C
Boiling Point
2900 °C
Density
2.329 g/cm³
Magnetism
Diamagnetic
Atomic Properties
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s² 3p²
Electron Shells
2, 8, 4
Electronegativity
1.9
Atomic Radius
111 pm
Ionization Energy
786 kJ/mol
Oxidation States
-4, +2, +4
Discovery & History
Discovered By
Jöns Jacob Berzelius
Discovery Year
1824
Named By
Thomas Thomson
Name origin: Latin: silex (flint)
Frequently Asked Questions
- Is Silicon a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?
- Silicon is classified as a metalloid.
- What state is Silicon in at room temperature?
- Silicon is a solid at standard room temperature (25°C).
- What is the atomic mass of Silicon?
- Silicon has an atomic mass of 28.085 atomic mass units (u).
- Who discovered Silicon?
- Silicon was discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1824.
- Where is Silicon on the periodic table?
- Silicon is element number 14, located in period 3 and group 14.