Senate passes Graham sanctions bill on Russia, Iran

The Senate voted 98-2 Wednesday to pass a sweeping sanctions bill targeting Russia and Iran, named in honor of the late Sen. Lindsey Graham, a longtime hawk on both countries. The legislation imposes new penalties on Moscow for its war in Ukraine and on Tehran for its nuclear program and support for militant groups. The bill now heads to the House, where its fate remains uncertain amid partisan divisions.

This marks the culmination of months of stalled negotiations after earlier versions of the sanctions package faced opposition from both parties. Graham, who died in late June, had championed tough measures against Russia and Iran throughout his career. Lawmakers revived the effort in his memory, framing it as a tribute to his legacy. The bill’s passage comes as Ukraine struggles to hold its frontlines and Iran accelerates its nuclear enrichment, raising urgency for Washington to act.

The sanctions target Russia’s energy sector, restricting exports that fund its war machine, and penalize Iranian officials linked to its ballistic missile program. They also include provisions to block foreign firms aiding either regime. The White House has signaled support, but House Speaker Mike Johnson has not committed to bringing it to a vote. Some Republicans argue the bill could tie Biden’s hands, while Democrats warn delay risks emboldening adversaries.

If enacted, the law would tighten financial pressure on both regimes and force global compliance with U.S. enforcement. Analysts say it could weaken Russia’s war economy and slow Iran’s nuclear advances, though its impact depends on international cooperation. The Senate’s bipartisan vote shows rare unity, but the House’s inaction could stall the bill for months. Either way, the measure underscores Washington’s growing frustration with Moscow and Tehran—and the limits of U.S. leverage.